可以从MOS获得 Database 19.6 的 patch，名称如下：

Patch 30463595: COMBO OF OJVM RU COMPONENT 19.6.0.0.200114 DB RU 19.6.0.0.200114

安装Patch的时候，建议大家先阅读Patch中的README文档，文档中详细介绍了该patch的安装方法和其他使用方法等内容；由于Patch 30463595是两个补丁的合并，因此要分别安装其中的 30463595和 30557433。先检查当前Oracle数据库的补丁安装情况，使用opatch lsinv命令可以看到现在补丁是19.3的版本。然后进入补丁目录30484981；

[oracle@sdedu 30463595]$ cd 30484981/
[oracle@sdedu 30484981]$ ls
etc files README.html README.txt

查看要安装的补丁和现有补丁是否存在冲突；

[oracle@sdedu 30484981]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
PREREQ session
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_11-00-59AM_1.log
Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"
Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.
OPatch succeeded.

使用opatch apply命令开始应用 30484981补丁

[oracle@sdedu 30484981]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch apply
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_11-14-00AM_1.log
Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks...
OPatch continues with these patches: 30484981
Do you want to proceed? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
All checks passed.
Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system.
(Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1')
Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n]
y
User Responded with: Y
Backing up files...
Applying interim patch '30484981' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1'
Patching component oracle.javavm.server, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.javavm.server.core, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patching component oracle.rdbms, 19.0.0.0.0...
Patch 30484981 successfully applied.
Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_11-14-00AM_1.log
OPatch succeeded.

安装完成后，再次检查补丁的列表，可以看到JVM 19.6的补丁已经安装好：

[oracle@sdedu 30463595]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch lsinv
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.17
Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
from : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.17
OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-03-03_11-01-49AM_1.log
Lsinventory Output file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2020-03-03_11-01-49AM.txt
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Machine Information::
Hostname: sdedu.sandata.com.cn
ARU platform id: 226
ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64
Installed Top-level Products (1):
Oracle Database 19c 19.0.0.0.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.
Interim patches (2) :
Patch 29585399 : applied on Thu Apr 18 15:21:33 CST 2019
Unique Patch ID: 22840393
Patch description: "OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399)"
Created on 9 Apr 2019, 19:12:47 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
27222128, 27572040, 27604329, 27760043, 27877830, 28302580, 28470673
28621543, 28642469, 28699321, 28710663, 28755846, 28772816, 28785321
28800508, 28808652, 28815557, 28847541, 28847572, 28870496, 28871040
28874416, 28877252, 28881191, 28881848, 28888083, 28911140, 28925250
28925460, 28935956, 28940472, 3, 28942694, 28951332, 28963036, 28968779
28980448, 28995287, 29003207, 29003617, 29016294, 29018680, 29024876
29026154, 29027933, 29047127, 29052850, 29058476, 29111631, 29112455
29117337, 29123444, 29125708, 29125786, 29129476, 29131772, 29132456
29139727, 29146157, 29147849, 29149170, 29152603, 29152752, 29154631
29154636, 29154829, 29159216, 29159661, 29160462, 29161923, 29169540
29169739, 29170717, 29173618, 29181568, 29182920, 29183298, 29186091
29191827, 29201143, 29201695, 29209545, 29210577, 29210610, 29210624
29210683, 29213641, 29219627, 29224294, 29225861, 29229839, 29235934
29242906, 29243749, 29244495, 29244766, 29244968, 29248723, 29249583
29251564, 29255616, 29260224, 29261695, 29271019, 29273360, 29282090
29282666, 29285453, 29285621, 29290235, 29292232, 29293806, 29294753
29299830, 29307090, 29307109, 29311336, 29329675, 29330791, 29339299
29357821, 29360467, 29360775, 29367971, 29368725, 29379299, 29379381
29380527, 29381000, 29382296, 29391301, 29393649, 29402110, 29411931
29413360, 29457319, 29465047
Patch 29517242 : applied on Thu Apr 18 15:21:17 CST 2019
Unique Patch ID: 22862832
Patch description: "Database Release Update : 19.3.0.0.190416 (29517242)"
Created on 17 Apr 2019, 23:27:10 hrs PST8PDT
Bugs fixed:
29515240, 14735102, 19697993, 20313356, 21965541, 25806201, 25883179
25986062, 26476244, 26611353, 26872233, 27369515, 27423500, 27666312
27710072, 27846298, 27957203, 28064977, 28072567, 28129791, 28181021
28210681, 28279456, 28313275, 28350595, 28371123, 28379065, 28431445
28463226, 28489419, 28502773, 28513333, 28534475, 28561704, 28569897
28572533, 28572544, 28587723, 28593682, 28594086, 28597221, 28601957
28605066, 28606598, 28625862, 28627033, 28636532, 28643718, 28644549
28645570, 28646200, 28646939, 28649388, 28655209, 28663782, 28673945
28692275, 28694872, 28696373, 28705231, 28710385, 28710734, 28714461
28718469, 28730079, 28740708, 28760206, 28772390, 28774416, 28777214
28789531, 28791852, 28795551, 28802734, 28804517, 28810381, 28811560
28815123, 28815355, 28819640, 28824482, 28833912, 28835937, 28862532
28863432, 28873575, 28876253, 28876639, 28884931, 28888327, 28892794
28897512, 28899663, 28901126, 28905457, 28907196, 28912691, 28915561
28917080, 28918429, 28919145, 28922227, 28922532, 28922608, 28925634
28925880, 28933158, 28936114, 28937717, 28938698, 28940179, 28940281
28941901, 28942455, 28945421, 28945994, 28951533, 28952168, 28954762
28955606, 28957292, 28957723, 28962775, 28965231, 28966444, 28974083
28977322, 28983095, 28983486, 28986326, 28986481, 28988482, 28989306
28993295, 28994307, 28996376, 29000000, 29001888, 29002927, 29003738
29006318, 29006621, 29007321, 29007775, 29008035, 29011936, 29013475
29014076, 29015118, 29017265, 29018655, 29019121, 29021063, 29021352
29024552, 29026582, 29026606, 29027456, 29027694, 29027940, 29031575
29031600, 29032234, 29032457, 29032607, 29033052, 29033145, 29033200
29033280, 29034587, 29037290, 29038528, 29039089, 29039510, 29043554
29043651, 29043725, 29044763, 29044954, 29047850, 29048289, 29048498
29048605, 29050560, 29050765, 29051702, 29052726, 29053783, 29056024
29056270, 29056560, 29059011, 29061959, 29062692, 29062848, 29062860
29062868, 29110526, 29110783, 29110790, 29110797, 29110802, 29110805
29111598, 29113282, 29113305, 29117526, 29117642, 29119077, 29120223
29122224, 29122254, 29123297, 29123432, 29123482, 29124368, 29125380
29126345, 29127957, 29128935, 29129450, 29129497, 29129712, 29130219
29131539, 29132938, 29134447, 29136111, 29138641, 29141316, 29141341
29141685, 29142667, 29144995, 29145214, 29145730, 29149829, 29150338
29151520, 29152357, 29155099, 29157389, 29158680, 29158899, 29159909
29159936, 29160174, 29162095, 29163415, 29163437, 29163524, 29163567
29167111, 29167342, 29167374, 29167940, 29168219, 29168433, 29169073
29169215, 29171942, 29172618, 29172826, 29173140, 29173373, 29173817
29174004, 29176318, 29177466, 29177543, 29177886, 29178385, 29180313
29180455, 29180559, 29180893, 29181153, 29181231, 29181620, 29181743
29181923, 29182019, 29183912, 29184297, 29184666, 29185193, 29186456
29189302, 29189307, 29189889, 29190235, 29190474, 29190740, 29191541
29192419, 29192468, 29192685, 29193207, 29194205, 29194367, 29194493
29194827, 29195279, 29195337, 29195758, 29196725, 29199635, 29199733
29200316, 29200700, 29201494, 29201539, 29202104, 29202850, 29203122
29203166, 29203425, 29203443, 29203604, 29205281, 29205323, 29205419
29205463, 29205767, 29205918, 29206109, 29206605, 29207073, 29208260
29208732, 29211457, 29211724, 29212012, 29212433, 29212611, 29213351
29213775, 29213850, 29213879, 29214561, 29214960, 29216746, 29216984
29217294, 29217472, 29217828, 29217848, 29218570, 29219205, 29219273
29220079, 29221248, 29221891, 29222031, 29222784, 29223833, 29223859
29223967, 29224065, 29224605, 29225076, 29227602, 29228869, 29229164
29229754, 29229844, 29229955, 29230252, 29230565, 29231133, 29232117
29232154, 29234123, 29237538, 29240307, 29241345, 29242017, 29242884
29243958, 29245137, 29245160, 29246163, 29247415, 29247712, 29247906
29248552, 29248835, 29248858, 29249991, 29250059, 29251259, 29253184
29253871, 29254031, 29254930, 29255178, 29255273, 29255431, 29255435
29256426, 29259119, 29259320, 29261906, 29262512, 29262887, 29265448
29266248, 29266899, 29267292, 29268412, 29269171, 29270585, 29273539
29273735, 29273847, 29274428, 29274564, 29274627, 29275461, 29278218
29279658, 29279751, 29279854, 29282898, 29285503, 29285788, 29285956
29286037, 29287130, 29287705, 29292837, 29293072, 29297863, 29297915
29298220, 29299049, 29299082, 29299844, 29301566, 29302963, 29303918
29304781, 29311588, 29312310, 29312734, 29312753, 29313347, 29313417
29313525, 29314539, 29318410, 29319441, 29321489, 29323946, 29324568
29325087, 29325105, 29325257, 29325993, 29327044, 29329087, 29331209
29331380, 29331493, 29332771, 29333500, 29337310, 29338315, 29338453
29338780, 29338913, 29339155, 29341209, 29343086, 29346943, 29347620
29348176, 29350052, 29351386, 29351716, 29351749, 29352867, 29353271
29355654, 29356547, 29356752, 29358828, 29360672, 29361801, 29363151
29364171, 29364177, 29367019, 29367561, 29368253, 29373418, 29373588
29374179, 29377986, 29378029, 29379978, 29382784, 29385652, 29386502
29386635, 29386660, 29387274, 29388094, 29388524, 29388830, 29389889
29390435, 29394140, 29394749, 29397954, 29398863, 29399100, 29399121
29405012, 29405651, 29412066, 29412269, 29417884, 29423826, 29429264
29429566, 29431485, 29435652, 29438736, 29439522, 29450421, 29451386
29452576, 29452953, 29457807, 29460252, 29462957, 29486181, 29507616
29521748, 29530812, 29531654, 29557336, 29558975, 29601461
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.

接下来，关闭数据库后使用datapatch工具在数据库中应用SQL文件；

[oracle@sdedu ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Mar 3 13:59:56 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup upgrade
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1543500832 bytes
Fixed Size 9135136 bytes
Variable Size 973078528 bytes
Database Buffers 553648128 bytes
Redo Buffers 7639040 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> alter pluggable database all open upgrade;
Pluggable database altered.

SQL> quit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production

Version 19.3.0.0.0

[oracle@sdedu ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch

[oracle@sdedu OPatch]$ ./datapatch -verbose
SQL Patching tool version 19.3.0.0.0 Production on Tue Mar 3 14:02:02 2020
Copyright (c) 2012, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Log file for this invocation: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/sqlpatch_23535_2020_03_03_14_02_02/sqlpatch_invocation.log
Connecting to database...OK
Gathering database info...done
Note: Datapatch will only apply or rollback SQL fixes for PDBs
that are in an open state, no patches will be applied to closed PDBs.
Please refer to Note: Datapatch: Database 12c Post Patch SQL Automation
(Doc ID 1585822.1)
Bootstrapping registry and package to current versions...done
Determining current state...done
Current state of interim SQL patches:
Interim patch 30484981 (OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.6.0.0.200114 (30484981)):
Binary registry: Installed
PDB CDB$ROOT: Not installed
PDB PDB$SEED: Not installed
PDB PDB1: Not installed
Current state of release update SQL patches:
Binary registry:
19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720: Installed
PDB CDB$ROOT:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 13-MAY-19 11.43.02.621425 PM
PDB PDB$SEED:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 13-MAY-19 11.43.08.787211 PM
PDB PDB1:
Applied 19.3.0.0.0 Release_Update 190410122720 successfully on 13-MAY-19 11.43.08.787211 PM
Adding patches to installation queue and performing prereq checks...done
Installation queue:
For the following PDBs: CDB$ROOT PDB$SEED PDB1
No interim patches need to be rolled back
No release update patches need to be installed
The following interim patches will be applied:
30484981 (OJVM RELEASE UPDATE: 19.6.0.0.200114 (30484981))
Installing patches...
Patch installation complete. Total patches installed: 3
Validating logfiles...done
Patch 30484981 apply (pdb CDB$ROOT): SUCCESS
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/30484981/23248235/30484981_apply_SS19C_CDBROOT_2020Mar03_14_02_48.log (no errors)
Patch 30484981 apply (pdb PDB$SEED): SUCCESS
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/30484981/23248235/30484981_apply_SS19C_PDBSEED_2020Mar03_14_04_27.log (no errors)
Patch 30484981 apply (pdb PDB1): SUCCESS
logfile: /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/sqlpatch/30484981/23248235/30484981_apply_SS19C_PDB1_2020Mar03_14_04_27.log (no errors)
SQL Patching tool complete on Tue Mar 3 14:05:01 2020

最后，使用utlrp脚本来重新编译失败的对象；

[oracle@sdedu 30484981]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Tue Mar 3 11:43:20 2020
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0

SQL> select PATCH_ID,PATCH_TYPE,ACTION,STATUS,SOURCE_VERSION from
dba_registry_sqlpatch;
PATCH_ID PATCH_TYPE ACTION STATUS SOURCE_VERSION
---------- ---------- ------------ ------------------- ---------------
29517242 RU APPLY SUCCESS 19.1.0.0.0
30484981 INTERIM APPLY SUCCESS 19.3.0.0.0
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp
Session altered.
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_BGN 2020-03-03 11:44:52
DOC> The following PL/SQL block invokes UTL_RECOMP to recompile invalid
DOC> objects in the database. Recompilation time is proportional to the
DOC> number of invalid objects in the database, so this command may take
DOC> a long time to execute on a database with a large number of invalid
DOC> objects.
DOC>
DOC> Use the following queries to track recompilation progress:
DOC>
DOC> 1. Query returning the number of invalid objects remaining. This
DOC> number should decrease with time.
DOC> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM obj$ WHERE status IN (4, 5, 6);
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query returning the number of objects compiled so far. This number
DOC> should increase with time.
DOC> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM UTL_RECOMP_COMPILED;
DOC>
DOC> This script automatically chooses serial or parallel recompilation
DOC> based on the number of CPUs available (parameter cpu_count) multiplied
DOC> by the number of threads per CPU (parameter parallel_threads_per_cpu).
DOC> On RAC, this number is added across all RAC nodes.
DOC>
DOC> UTL_RECOMP uses DBMS_SCHEDULER to create jobs for parallel
DOC> recompilation. Jobs are created without instance affinity so that they
DOC> can migrate across RAC nodes. Use the following queries to verify
DOC> whether UTL_RECOMP jobs are being created and run correctly:
DOC>
DOC> 1. Query showing jobs created by UTL_RECOMP
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>
DOC> 2. Query showing UTL_RECOMP jobs that are running
DOC> SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobs
DOC> WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
DOC>#
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
TIMESTAMP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_END 2020-03-03 11:44:55
DOC> The following query reports the number of invalid objects.
DOC>
DOC> If the number is higher than expected, please examine the error
DOC> messages reported with each object (using SHOW ERRORS) to see if they
DOC> point to system misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before attempting to recompile these objects.
DOC>#
OBJECTS WITH ERRORS
-------------------
0
DOC> The following query reports the number of exceptions caught during
DOC> recompilation. If this number is non-zero, please query the error
DOC> messages in the table UTL_RECOMP_ERRORS to see if any of these errors
DOC> are due to misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
DOC> fixed before objects can compile successfully.
DOC> Note: Typical compilation errors (due to coding errors) are not
DOC> logged into this table: they go into DBA_ERRORS instead.
DOC>#
ERRORS DURING RECOMPILATION
---------------------------
0
Function created.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Function dropped.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

至此，30484981补丁已经安装完毕。

下一步，就要来安装30557433补丁，整个过程和之前的安装过程类似(这里忽略介绍），首先检查补丁是否存在冲突；

我们通过dba_registry_sqlpatch视图来验证补丁的应用状态是否为“SUCCESS”；

SQL> select PATCH_ID,PATCH_TYPE,ACTION,STATUS,TARGET_VERSION from dba_registry_sqlpatch;
PATCH_ID PATCH_TYPE ACTION STATUS TARGET_VERSION
---------- ---------- --------------- ---------------------- --------------
29517242 RU APPLY SUCCESS 19.3.0.0.0
30484981 INTERIM APPLY SUCCESS 19.3.0.0.0
30557433 RU APPLY SUCCESS 19.6.0.0.0

最后使用opatch lsinv来查看补丁最终状态。

SQL> select PATCH_ID,PATCH_TYPE,ACTION,STATUS,TARGET_VERSION from dba_registry_sqlpatch;
PATCH_ID PATCH_TYPE ACTION STATUS TARGET_VERSION
---------- ---------- --------------- ---------------------- --------------
29517242 RU APPLY SUCCESS 19.3.0.0.0
30484981 INTERIM APPLY SUCCESS 19.3.0.0.0
30557433 RU APPLY SUCCESS 19.6.0.0.0

3. 总结

通过OPatch工具，我们可以很方便的将Oracle Database 19.3 升级到Oracle Database 19.6。对于公开

下载的19.3版本来说，尽快安装patch来解决Bug和安全问题，是非常必要的措施。